2.3 高次導関数

1.

=2.6zw =1(a) 数学的帰納法を用いる．$n = 1$のとき， $(\sin{x})^{\prime} = \cos{x} = \sin(x + \frac{\pi}{2})$. 次に，$n = k$で成り立つと仮定し，$n = k+1$で成り立つことを示す．
$${(\sin{x})^{(k+1)} = \left((\sin{x})^{(k)}\right)^{\prime} = \lef... ...{\prime} = \cos(x + \frac{k\pi}{2}) = \sin(x + \frac{n\pi}{2} + \frac{\pi}{2})}$$

=2.6zw =1(b) $n = 1$のとき， $(\cos{x})^{\prime} = -\sin{x} = \cos(x + \frac{\pi}{2})$. 次に，$n = k$で成り立つと仮定し，$n = k+1$で成り立つことを示す．
$(\cos{x})^{(k+1)} = \left((\cos{x})^{(k)}\right)^{\prime} = \left(\cos(x + \fr... ...{\prime} = -\sin(x + \frac{n\pi}{2}) = \cos(x + \frac{n\pi}{2} + \frac{\pi}{2})$

=2.6zw =1(c) $n = 1$のとき， $[(1+x)^{\alpha}]^{\prime} = \alpha(1+x)^{\alpha-1}$. 次に，$n = k$で成り立つと仮定し，$n = k+1$で成り立つことを示す．

$$[(1+x)^{\alpha}]^{(k+1)} = \left([(1+x)^{\alpha}]^{(k)}\right)^{\prime} = \left(\alpha(\alpha-1)\cdots (\alpha - k +1)(1+x)^{\alpha -k}\right)^{\prime}$$

$$= \alpha(\alpha-1)\cdots (\alpha - k +1)(\alpha -k)(1+x)^{\alpha - k-1}$$

2.

(a) $${f^{(n)}(x) = \left\{\begin{array}{ll} -2x - 1 + (1-x)^{-2}, & n = 1\\ -2 + 2(1-x)^{-3}, & n = 2\\ n!(1-x)^{-n-1}, & n \geq 3 \end{array}\right.}$$

(b) $${x^2 \sin{\left(x + \frac{n\pi}{2}\right)} + 2xn\sin{\left(x + \frac{(n-1)\pi}{2}\right)} + n(n-1)\sin{\left(x + \frac{(n-2)\pi}{2}\right)}}$$

(c) $${(\sqrt{2})^{n}e^{x}\sin{(x + (n\pi/4))}}$$